Reduction crystallization of Ni, Cu, Fe and Co from a mixed metal effluent
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Publication Details
Author list: Phetla TP, Ntuli F, Muzenda E
Publisher: Elsevier
Place: NEW YORK
Publication year: 2012
Journal: Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry (1226-086X)
Journal acronym: J IND ENG CHEM
Volume number: 18
Issue number: 3
Start page: 1171
End page: 1177
Number of pages: 7
ISSN: 1226-086X
Languages: English-Great Britain (EN-GB)
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Abstract
Removal and recovery of heavy metals from effluent are major concerns due to diminishing fresh water resources, depletion of exploitable ores and human and environmental health concerns. The objective of this work was to efficiently recover heavy metals from effluent in their elemental form as metallic powder by reduction crystallization. This method recovers metals in a pure form and enables them to be directly used. Experiments were conducted using mixed metal solutions of Ni, Cu, Co, and Fe in a 20 L Perspex batch reactor using hydrazine as a reducing agent and nickel powder as seeding material. Ni, Cu, Co and Fe were effectively reduced to their elemental states with removal efficiencies of over 99% for Ni and Co and about 98% for Cu and Fe. Residual concentrations obtained for Ni, Co and Fe were below 0.05 mg/L and below 1.20 mg/L for Cu. Based on the evolution of the particle size distribution (PSD) and its derived moments the dominant particulate processes identified were aggregation, growth and breakage with the possibility of nucleation in the presence of Fe. However, particle size enlargement was largely due to aggregation. (C) 2012 The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Keywords
Chemical reduction, Effluent treatment, Heavy metal removal, Precipitation, Reduction crystallization
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