Assessment of groundwater pollution vulnerability and modelling of the Kanye Wellfield in SE Botswana - a GIS approach

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Author list: Alemaw BF, Shemang EM, Chaoka TR

Publisher: Elsevier

Place: OXFORD

Publication year: 2004

Journal: Physics and Chemistry of the Earth, Parts A/B/C (1474-7065)

Journal acronym: PHYS CHEM EARTH

Volume number: 29

Issue number: 15-18

Start page: 1125

End page: 1128

Number of pages: 4

ISSN: 1474-7065

Languages: English-Great Britain (EN-GB)

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Abstract

Botswana is a semi-arid country with limited recharge to groundwater resources. Groundwater however is a major source of water for domestic, industrial and agricultural uses. There is therefore the need to ensure that the groundwater resources are of drinking quality, by protecting them against pollution sources such as landfills, pit latrines, industries, agricultural pesticides and waste. In this study a preliminary assessment of vulnerability of groundwater to pollution in Kanye well field in SE Botswana is undertaken. In order to assess the vulnerability of this aquifer to pollution, soils types, mapped geology and information from 82 boreholes were input into a GIS system to classify pollution vulnerability using Theissen polygons of the study area. Results indicate that 58% of the well field area is highly or very highly vulnerable to pollution, 34% is moderately vulnerable to pollution, and only 9% has low vulnerability. Estimates of the aquifer media characteristics in areas with only a few observations or few geological logs were considered to have higher uncertainty than areas with many observations. However, the use of the polynomial estimator enabled consideration of simple uncertainty for the aquifer media characteristics and pollution vulnerability modelling process. (C) 2004 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

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