Energy and exergy analyses of energy consumptions in the industrial sector in South Africa
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Author list: Oladiran MT, Meyer JP
Publisher: Elsevier
Place: OXFORD
Publication year: 2007
Journal: Applied Energy (0306-2619)
Journal acronym: APPL ENERG
Volume number: 84
Issue number: 10
Start page: 1056
End page: 1067
Number of pages: 12
ISSN: 0306-2619
Languages: English-Great Britain (EN-GB)
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Abstract
energy-utilization over a 10-year period (1994-2003) has been analysed for the South African industrial sector, which consumes more primary energy than any other sector of the economy. Four principal sub-sectors, namely iron and steel, chemical and petrochemical, mining and quarrying, and non-ferrous metals/non-metallic minerals were considered in this study. Primary-energy utilization data were used to calculate the weighted mean energy and exergy efficiencies for the sub-sectors and then overall values for the industrial sector were obtained. The results indicate that exergy efficiency is considerably lower than energy efficiency in all the sub-sectors, particularly in mining and quarrying processes, for which the values were approximately 83% and 16%, respectively. The performance of exergy utilization in the industrial sector can be improved by introducing various conservation strategies. Results from this study were compared with those for other countries. (c) 2007 Published by Elsevier Ltd.
Keywords
Energy, exergy, industrial energy-consumption, South African energy-utilization
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